Reading Lontar and Kakawin: Preserving Balinese Ancestral Traditions
The Javanese Literature Study Program held its second webinar series on Wednesday, September 10, 2025. The guest lecture continued with the theme “The Tradition of Reading Lontar and Kakawin.” Dr. Anak Agung Gde Alit Ceria and Prof. Yusro Edi Nugroho served as speakers at this event.
In Bali, the written tradition serves as a bridge between the past and the present. Two key heritages in this tradition are the Lontar and Kakawin.
*Lontar: Library on a Leaf*
– Lontar is a manuscript written on palm leaves that has been traditionally processed.
– Its contents are extensive, covering religion, philosophy, law, medicine, literature, and architecture.
– Reading a lontar requires concentration and gentleness, reflecting respect for the knowledge contained within.
*Kakawin: Poetry of Sound and Rhythm*
– Kakawin is a poem or epic poem in Old Javanese written in Indian meter.
– Examples of famous kakawin include Arjunawiwaha, Bharatayuddha, and Sutasoma.
– Kakawin are recited or sung in song form, emphasizing three main elements: the ability to read, translate, and discuss the meaning.
This tradition has a spiritual and social function in Balinese society, namely preserving the religious, ethical, and aesthetic values of ancestors. The government and communities in Bali are actively digitizing lontar manuscripts to preserve them physically and teach mabebasan and mabasa to the younger generation.
“The involvement of all parties is crucial in preserving this tradition,” said Dr. Anak Agung Gde Alit Ceria. “With the synergy of universities, schools, and the community, this movement can foster sustainable awareness in a generation that cares about the preservation of the earth,” he added.
Preserving the tradition of reading lontar and kakawin means preserving the unique identity and spirit of Bali.*
Semarang, September 11, 2025
Nur Fateah
Lecturer, BSJ, FBS, Unnes
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